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I plan on renovating the kitchen in my 120 yr old post and beam framed house this winter. I am completely gutting the room, down to the framing. It is single story section of the house, located over a crawl space and attic above that is not used for storage. The main beams are 8"x8", the ceiling rafters are true 2"x4", the floor joists are true 2"x8". I plan on replacing the rafters and joists due to sag, twist, bounce, and shrinkage over the years. My question is, what is the proper way to secure nominal lumber joists and rafters that are wider than my beam? I plan on using at least 2x10 for the floor joists, and my beam is only 8 inches.
 

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Joist hangers. I would make sure you check all your spans as a lot of 120 year old houses used undersized lumber. You didnt mention how far the spans are but dont assume just because you are replacing with a larger nominal size you will be o.k. since it will be gutted this would be a great opportunity to get an engineer on sight. also you say the ceiling rafters are 2x4 but how far is the span 2x4 typically only spans around 6 ft. depending on species and loads. I couldnt stress enough how great of an opportunity you have to have an engineer take a look at it.
 
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