Disclaimer - I am a metal roofer
1. In my neck of the woods comp and asphalt shingles are the same animal. Unless you really meant composite roofing, which is more a type of roofing material and is not short for composition. However, composition or asphalt shingles are included in the composite roof types.
2. A lot of talk on the forums about the "best" shingles, there are preferred shingles, i dont think the members here would agree on 1 as being the best. All 4 you mentioned seem very common in California.
3. Yes both. 3 tab is very flat looking as oppose to the Grand cyn, they also have very different warranties because of it.
4. Depends on your budget.
5. Sounds like you have no valleys if its a rectangle. It would depend on your local building code if you need I&W shield. If i was planing on reroofing and staying in the home for many years i would probably put it I&W anyway but it may not be needed in your location.
6. Differing opinions here, i would never use anything less than 30lb but i think i read a few posts here about 15lb being ok. Its a moisture barrier.
7. I will channel joe for this one :yes: Ditch the power vent and install ridge venting... making sure you also have plenty of soffit venting.
8. Sounds a bit iffy to me. I feel a red flag on this one and Joe in the 2nd post provides good advice on this matter and others infact.
9. Your paying so he should be doing what you want. Again, i am not a comp roofer so i will differ to the comp pros as to any perfered installation details. Their is an abundance of infor on this specific topic if you just try a search.
10. No brainer, absolutely. Do not ask the roofer if you need one, call the city and find out. There is a 99% chance you will get screwed if the roofer tells you that you do not need a permit when infact you probably do.
Freind - WOW is refering to metal as the non asphalt option.