First thing -> see if the compressor is actually running. If you have a clamp ammeter, check the draw on the common wire going between compressor and contactor.
If it is running and the pressures remain equal, there's a mechanical failure. Even with no metering device, there would still be a pressure difference produced by the compressor pumping refrigerant around.
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answers to other questions:
Just suction with the machine on.
410a has to come out of the cylinder as a liquid and be flashed into a gas, as it's a blend.
r22 is one component and can come out of the cylinder as vapor.
hoses must be purged before adding or air gets into the system.
120 psi standing pressure leads me to believe it's a r22 unit unless it's cold outside.
Remember that if it's low on refrigerant, there's a leak and the solution isn't just to top it off.