Flat roof
Depending on the number of layers that would be the first determination if youc an go over. Often local code limits the number of layers of roofing that can be installed. furthermore sweeping the gravel and torching over should be considered a temporary roof covering at best. Would it work? For a short time. Certainly there woould be adhesion problems because of all the old dirt on the roof and the rock that couldn't be swept. If you were set on this, I'd first prime the surface though it wouldn't help all that much and I suspect if you want to go over, you want cheap and priming would just add to the cost.
Another concern if you can install a new flat roof over the existing is if there is any trapped moisture. Any moisture in the existing roof assembly will have a negative affect on the new roof. You can find out by performing a series of core cuts 10' on center or hiring a professional to perform an infra red roof scan. If there are wet areas these would first need to be fixed.
If I were to go over I would screw down some kind of cover board, assuming you have a metal gypsum or wood substrate. I would then install a thermoplastic single ply such as TPO or PVC. EPDM is also a good choice and modified bitumen is adequate. It is my practice to always ventilate the top layer of roofing when I install a lay over. This is incase there is any trapped moisture I may have missed or any moisture migrates through the roof assembly in the future since some single ply acts very well as a vapor barrier and we want to let any vapor out. Notice that I said cover board, not insulation earlier, insulating and ventilating is often silly.
Preferrably when ever logistics and budget allow I want to tear off. There are numrous reasons to tear off the roof, weight is a factor sometimes, but being able to identify if there are any problems with the substrate is the main concern. The budget seldom allows now-a-days however and I have to compete against hacks willing to add a 3rd or 4th or 5th layer with no regard for code nor weight.
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-Grumpy
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Sometimes the savings that comes from doing it yourself can be blown away with one mistake.
The information found in this post is not to be considered legal advice. All information should be considered relative, not specific. Never attempt any repairs you are not comfortable with. Always maintain safety! The author of this post takes no responsibility for any losses that occur. Use at your own risk.
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