An experienced plumber could apply some supposition to your drain system and work it out for you. If you intend to do this yourself you need to know if the sewer flows to the front or to the rear of your property. Other factors such as vent stacks and additional floor drains location may be helpful also.
In the absence of a plumber...
One thing you could do is to run a steel snake inside the existing floor drain several feet then use a stethoscope to listen to the floor while someone else agitates the snake inside the pipe. You will be able to clearly hear the snake moving inside the pipe and locate a place to open the floor.